What is method overloading vs method overriding?

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Both are forms of polymorphism but at different times. Overloading — same method name, different parameter list (number/type/order). Resolved at compile time (static binding). Lives in the same class . Overriding — subclass provides a new implementation of an inherited method with the same signature . Resolved at runtime (dynamic dispatch). Annotated with @Override . Rules — overriding cannot reduce visibility or throw broader checked exceptions; static , private , and final methods cannot be overridden. Key distinctions: overloading = same class, different params, compile time. Overriding = subclass, same signature, runtime. Know the overriding rules (access modifier, exceptions, final/static/private). The @Override annotation is a best practice for catching errors.